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China`s Baoshan Iron and Steel and Angang Steel increased their products` list prices for March. Taiwan`s China Steel Corporation (CSC) indicated that the increasing prices made the steel market optimistic. The three top uncertainties, the Russia-Ukraine war, soaring inflation, and the Covid-19 epidemic, have been eased, and steel prices started to rebound after Lunar New Year. Also, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecasted China`s economic growth in 2023 to rebound to 5.2%. In addition, China was expected to implement China`s policy package to stabilize the economy, which would increase the demand from downstream buyers and further strengthen the steel market. Source:From Yield Corp

What goes down for a long time goes up! Chinese steel prices may usher in the dawn of a rise in May, 2023. According to the last trading day of the steel market in April, the steel billet price fell, it can be predicted that the steel market price during the May Day holiday will still fall in the weak wind and rain. Prices of coking coal and coke plunged in April as domestic transport costs fell. In fact, the average daily production of molten iron at domestic steel mills was close to a record high in April, and the use of coke was large. The main reason for the decline was that the supply side changed from shortage to loose. According to a survey by Zhaogang.com, most construction companies said they will increase their steel purchases in May compared with April, while auto and home appliance companies also saw significant increases in steel purchases.

Stainless steel is a corrosion-resistant alloy of iron, chromium and, in some cases, nickel and other metals. Completely and infinitely recyclable, stainless steel is the [green material" par excellence. In fact, within the construction sector, its actual recovery rate is close to 100%. Stainless steel is also environmentally neutral and inert, and its longevity ensures it meets the needs of sustainable construction. Furthermore, it does not leach compounds that could modify its composition when in contact with elements like water. In addition to these environmental benefits, stainless steel is also aesthetically appealing, extremely hygienic, easy to maintain, highly durable and offers a wide variety of aspects. As a result, stainless steel can be found in many everyday objects. It also plays a prominent role in an array of industries, including energy, transportation, building, research, medicine, food and logistics. (by Dana)

Carbon steel is a steel with carbon content from about 0.05 up to 2.1 percent by weight. The definition of carbon steel from the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) states: -No minimum content is specified or required for chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect; -The specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40%; -Or the maximum content specified for any of the following elements does not exceed the percentages noted: manganese 1.65%; silicon 0.60%; copper 0.60%. The term carbon steel may also be used in reference to steel which is not stainless steel; in this use carbon steel may include alloy steels. High carbon steel has many different uses such as milling machines, cutting tools (such as chisels) and high strength wires. These applications require a much finer microstructure, which improves the toughness. Carbon steel is a popular metal choice for knife-making due to its high amount of carbon, giving the blade more edge retention. To make the most out of this type of steel it is very important to heat treat it properly. If not, the knife may end up being brittle, or too soft to hold an edge. As the carbon percentage content rises, steel has the ability to become harder and stronger through heat treating; however, it becomes less ductile. Regardless of the heat treatment, a higher carbon content reduces weldability. In carbon steels, the higher carbon content lowers the melting point. (by Dana)

Color coated coil is a product of hot galvanized sheet, hot aluminum plated zinc plate, electrogalvanized sheet, etc., after surface pretreatment (chemical degreasing and chemical conversion treatment), coated with a layer or several layers of organic coating on the surface, and then baked and cured. Because coated with a variety of different colors of organic paint color steel coil plate named, referred to as color coated coil. The color-coated steel strip using hot-dip galvanized steel strip as the base material is protected by zinc layer, and the organic coating on the zinc layer plays the role of covering and protecting, preventing the steel strip from rusting, and the service life is about 1.5 times longer than that of galvanized steel strip. Color coated roll has light weight, beautiful appearance and good corrosion resistance, and can be directly processed. The color is generally divided into white and white, blue, brick red, mainly used in advertising, construction, home appliances, electrical appliances, furniture and transportation industries. Color coating volume coating according to the use of different environment to choose suitable resin, such as polyester silicon modified polyester, PVC plastic sol, polyvinylidene chloride and so on. Users can choose according to the use. Electroplating zinc substrate: thin coating, corrosion resistance is not as good as hot dip galvanized substrate; Hot dip galvanized substrate: the thin steel plate is immersed in the melted zinc groove, so that the surface adhesion of a layer of zinc, this galvanized plate has good coating tightness and weldability. Hot aluminized zinc substrate: The product is plated with 55%AL-Zn, which has excellent corrosion resistance and its service life is more than four times that of ordinary galvanized steel. It is the replacement product of galvanized sheet. Product features: (1) Has good durability, corrosion resistance and galvanized steel plate compared with longer life; (2) Has good heat resistance, compared with galvanized steel plate at high temperature is not easy to change color; (3) Good thermal reflectivity; (4) It has similar processing and spraying properties to galvanized steel plate; (5) Good welding performance. (6) With good performance price ratio, durable performance and very competitive price. Therefore, architects, engineers and manufacturers have been widely used in industrial buildings, steel structures and civil facilities such as: garage doors, guttering and roofs.

Galvanized steel plate is to prevent corrosion on the surface of the steel plate to prolong its service life, coated with a layer of metal zinc on the surface of the steel plate, the zinc coated steel plate is called galvanized plate. According to the production and processing methods can be divided into the following categories: ① Hot dip galvanized steel plate. The sheet steel is dipped into the melted zinc tank so that the surface is adhered to a zinc sheet steel. At present, continuous galvanizing process is mainly used to produce, that is, continuous immersion of rolled steel plate in the melting of zinc in the plating tank to make galvanized steel plate; ② alloyed galvanized steel plate. This steel plate is also made by hot dipping, but immediately after it is out of the groove, it is heated to about 500℃ to produce a zinc and iron alloy film. This galvanized sheet has good coating tightness and weldability; ③ Electric galvanized steel plate. The galvanized steel plate made by electroplating has good workability. But the coating is thin, corrosion resistance is not as good as hot dip galvanized sheet; ④ Single-side plating and double-side difference galvanized steel plate. Single-sided galvanized steel plate, that is, galvanized products only on one side. It has better adaptability than double-sided galvanized sheet in welding, coating, rust prevention and processing. In order to overcome the shortcomings of single side without zinc coating, there is a galvanized sheet coated with a thin layer of zinc on the other side, namely double-sided differential galvanized sheet; ⑤ Alloy, composite galvanized steel plate. It is made of zinc and other metals such as aluminum, lead, zinc alloy and composite plating of steel plate. The steel plate not only has excellent anti-rust performance, but also has good coating performance; In addition to the above five kinds, there are color galvanized steel plate, printing coated galvanized steel plate, PVC laminated galvanized steel plate and so on. But at present the most commonly used is still hot dip galvanized sheet. (By Dana)

First, galvanized sheet in the whole service life cycle, the first corrosion is the oxidation of the zinc layer on the surface, generating "white rust". After a little longer, the "white rust" on the surface further reacts with carbon dioxide and other impurities in the humid air, forming "dark spots". When the galvanized sheet is used for a long time, the corrosion of the galvanized layer is serious, the steel base loses the "sacrifice anticorrosion" effect of zinc, and begins to oxidize, generating "red rust". Once the steel base begins to oxidize, the corrosion rate becomes rapid, and "the galvanized sheet ends its life. Two, in addition to the galvanized sheet there are two special corrosion situation called "black". One is that the galvanized sheet in use for a period of time due to the influence of zinc and other elements in the zinc layer, the dull part of the zinc flower will be black, black galvanized layer still has a protective effect on the steel base, but has a certain impact on the life. The situation has improved considerably since the current use of lead was discontinued in favour of antimony to promote the formation of zinc flowers. Another situation is galvanized sheet in transportation, because of the small winding tension, between the steel strip layer is looser, steel coil contact pad wood parts will friction with each other and produce oxidation, white oxide is friction off, galvanized sheet surface black spots, this situation will make passivation film destroyed, galvanized layer thinning, galvanized sheet life greatly reduced, and denier appearance is also affected. Three, galvanized sheet in thousands of dry environment or pollution-free environment corrosion resistance is very superior. But in a polluted environment, the life will be greatly shortened, so you have to do pre-smear-film processing into a color board after use, which is what we often say PPGI. Four, under normal circumstances, the corrosion of galvanized sheet is not the surface of the galvanized layer is uniformly corroded off, but in the coating and substrate combination is poor, the coating is first corroded off, resulting in local serious corrosion loss of performance. From this point, the adhesion of galvanized layer, especially the overall adhesion is more important than the thickness of galvanized layer. If the local adhesion of the galvanized layer is not good, even if the galvanized layer is thick, it will rust from the adhesion is not good. This is similar to the "bucket principle", is the town zinc production technical personnel must know the problem.

At New Year and always, may peace and love fill your heart, beauty fill your world, and contentment and joy fill your days. The beginning of the New Year is accompanied by more new projects! Your inquiry is always welcome! (By Dana Zhang)

China`s steel production fell again last month as mills cut output to stem losses and cope with a slide in demand. Nationwide virus controls, the ongoing property crisis, and the start of winter pollution curbs continued to keep the steel industry on the back foot in November and leave production on course for a second consecutive annual decline. While iron ore prices have rallied sharply in recent weeks in anticipation of China`s reopening, a pick up in end use will depend on government stimulus measures and a stabilization in the real estate market, as well as clearing the worst of the current wave of Covid infections.

China would aim to contain its steel production growth in 2023 and focus more on environmental-friendly capacity swaps, but it remains keen on making capacity investments in ASEAN countries to keep its behemoth steel industry running, information gathered from sources by S&P Global Commodity Insights show. In 2022, China commissioned about 30 million mt/year of new blast furnaces and 25 million mt/year of crude steel making capacity through capacity swaps, S&P Global calculations showed. As some of the replaced facilities were already closed during 2017-2020, these newly commissioned facilities likely led to a net increase of 5.4 million mt/year pig iron and 5.3 million mt/year crude steel capacity for 2022. Due to distressed steel demand both at home and overseas, there are still many uncompleted new iron and steel making projects in 2022. With projects postponed from 2022 and more planning for 2023 commissioning, Chinese steel makers will bring up to 118 million mt/year of new pig iron capacity and 141 million mt/year of new crude steel capacity on stream in 2023 through capacity swap mechanism. As a result, these projects` commissioning will add a net increase of 12 million mt/year pig iron and 18 million mt/year crude steel capacity to China`s steel industry in 2023, according to S&P Global calculations. [China`s steel demand is likely to continue falling in 2023 due to slowed demand both home and abroad, so the commissioning of these new steel projects will put a lot of pressure on the market trends, if most steel makers do not put their production under control," a mill source said. However, whether the decline in steel output could be large enough to offset the pressure from slowed demand is hard to predict, a market participant said, adding that Beijing has put economic growth as top priority for 2023 so that any government-mandated output cuts could be mild. China`s crude steel output is likely to reach 1.011 billion mt in 2022, down 2.3%, or 24 million mt, from 2021, S&P Global calculations based on data of National Bureau of Statistics and China Iron & Steel Association showed. It will be the second-successive annual decline in 2022. The drop in steel demand has turned out to be bigger than the decline in steel output in 2022 due to the property sector`s debt crunch and on-and-off COVID-19 outbreaks across the country. As a result, in the oversupplied market, the Chinese domestic rebar sales margin, an indication of the steel market performance, fluctuated from $129/mt in early February to minus $80/mt in mid-June and to just $1.7/mt in late December, according to S&P Global data. [I think downward pressure on the steel market will be greater in the first half of 2023 than in the second half," another market participant said. [It`s not only because the major steel demand drivers – property and domestic consumption, may continue downward at least in early 2023, but also steelmakers will usually boost their production in spring before reducing steel output in summer and winter." Oversupply probably will persist in the Chinese steel market for much of 2023, but China`s steel exports may remain languish at least in the first half of 2023, as global buyers battle a tight inflationary environment, some Chinese steel exporters said. Some of the sources expected China`s total steel exports in 2023 to be lower than in 2022. Downstream recovery China`s new home sales, the major channel to fund property projects, may start recovering in mid- to late 2023 due to a lower base this year and a plethora of stimulus packages that the government had injected into the sector since the second half of 2022, according to some steel market participants. However, all the market sources S&P Global spoke to expected the new home starts, the most important steel demand driver in China, to continue falling through 2023, undermining the post-COVID-19 recovery in the Chinese steel market. However, they believed the decline in property steel demand would be smaller from 2022. China`s new home starts fell by 38.9% on the year over January-November, while new home sales value fell by 26.6% on the year over the same period, according to National Bureau of Statistics. Adding to the headwinds in the property sector, China`s manufacturing sector is also likely to continue to be hit by a slowdown in property construction and domestic consumption, as well as languishing overseas demand. [Shrinking overseas demand should be the biggest adverse impact on manufacturing and its steel demand in 2023, while I believed domestic consumption and construction-related manufactured goods are unlikely to have much improvement in 2023 either," a mill source said. Fortunately, China`s infrastructure construction would continue to improve in 2023 and is likely to maintain at or even slightly above November`s rates, some sources said. The year-on-year growth in China`s infrastructure investments reached 10.6% in November. China`s steel market may remain under big pressure in the first half of 2023 given poor steel demand and comparatively high steel production. However, most market sources believed steel demand in the second half of 2023 to improve from a year ago and the first half of 2023, although it might not be able to rebound to late 2021 level. [Besides the hit from property`s debt crunch and shrinking overseas demand, the core problem with the recovery in steel demand is that both enterprises and consumers lack confidence about the future, and it takes time, a quarter or maybe half year, and more stimulus policies to restore confidence after the current wave of COVID-19 spreading is over," a mill source said. Eyes on ASEAN Despite the challenges faced by China on the domestic front, the country is still looking at making investments in ASEAN countries in 2023. For 2022, steel demand in ASEAN is expected to reach 77.9 million mt, up about 3.5% from 2021, data from the Southeast Asia Iron and Steel Institute showed. Amid the projected increase in demand, future supply is expected to exceed demand if new steel projects come online in Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam, estimated at 90.8 million mt in the coming years, reaching about 162.6 million mt in 2030, SEAISI`s projections showed. SEAISI said a majority of the new steel plants in ASEAN are China-backed to sell the steel back to China. Fresh China-backed steel projects emerged toward the end of 2022, the latest being Esteel Enterprise, which plans to build an MR19.65 billion ($4.46 billion) [green" steel plant at Sipitang, Sabah, Malaysia, by 2025. Phase one is expected to begin over the third quarter of 2023 and will involve the building of a 2.5 million mt/year hot-briquetted iron plant. For phases two and three, two direct reduced iron plants of 2.5 million mt/year output each will be built. Source:Platts

Hot-dip galvanized steel has been widely used in construction, home appliances and other major industries since its publication. Due to the continuous expansion of the scope of use, the formability and various properties of the steel plate are constantly improved, and thus the resulting aluminum-plated zinc plate is superior to hot-dip galvanized steel plate in some properties. AL-Zn composite plating Al-Zn coated steel plate is a kind of cold-rolled hard steel plate of various strength and thickness, which is obtained by hot dip plating. The coating is composed of 55% aluminum, 43.5% zinc, 1.5% silicon and appropriate trace elements. In the process of production and processing, the performance of aluminum-zinc plating is better than that of hot-dip galvanized mainly in the following aspects: 1. Processing performance Aluminized zinc steel plate is similar to hot-dip galvanized steel in processing properties, which can fully meet the requirements of rolling, stamping, bending and other forms of processing. 2. Corrosion resistance The test is in the same thickness, coating, surface treatment of hot dip galvanized steel plate and aluminum plated zinc steel plate. Aluminum zinc plating has excellent corrosion resistance than hot dip galvanized, and its service life is 2-6 times that of ordinary galvanized steel plate. 3. light reflection performance Aluminized zinc reflects heat and light twice as well as galvanized steel, with a reflectance greater than 0.70, better than the 0.65 defined by the EPA Energy Star. 4. heat resistance Ordinary hot dip galvanized products usually use temperature does not exceed 230 degrees, 250 degrees is discoloration, and aluminum plated zinc plate can be used in the environment of 315 degrees for a long time without discoloration. At 300 ℃ for 120 hours, the color change of aluminum plated zinc steel plate treated by heat resisting passivation is much lower than that of aluminum plate and aluminum plated plate. 5. Mechanical properties The mechanical properties of aluminized zinc steel plate are mainly manifested in yield strength, tensile strength and elongation. Ordinary DC51D grade 150 g/square galvanized steel sheet, the general yield strength between 140-300mpa, tensile strength between 200-330, elongation between 13-25. And the grade DC51D+AZ aluminum plated zinc 150 g/square aluminum plated zinc steel plate yield strength between 230-400mpa, tensile strength between 230-550, elongation rail between 15-45. Because aluminum zinc plating is high density coating alloy steel, so in addition to the above advantages, there are also some defects: 1. Welding performance Due to the increase of mechanical properties, the inner substrate surface coating density is better, the manganese content is relatively high, so the aluminum zinc plating can not be welded under ordinary welding conditions, can only be connected through rivet and other parties. In the welding aspect of hot dip galvanized steel plate performance is better, there is no welding problem. 2. the applicability of tide temperature concrete Aluminum plating zinc coating components contain aluminum, in direct contact with acidic wet concrete aluminum components prone to chemical reactions. Therefore, it is not very suitable for floor boards. 3. coating thickness and steel plate thickness limit Most of the domestic aluminum zinc plating units are modified from hot-dip galvanized units, and there are certain limits in the thickness of aluminum zinc plating plates. Steel plate thickness is limited only between 0.27 and 2.5. In terms of coating can only do a minimum of 30 grams per square, the maximum of 220 grams per square.

An overview of `steel` Steel is among the most popular materials used in the construction industry. According to the World Steel Association, in 2018 around 1,808 million tons of crude steel was produced worldwide and about 50% of this production was utilized by the construction industry. Further, they also state that there are as many as 3,500 different grades of steel and each grade offers environmental, chemical and physical properties unique to that grade of steel. and each grade offers environmental, chemical and physical properties unique to that grade of steel. Steel has undergone significant evolution through time and around 75% of all the types of modern-day steel were developed in the past 20 years and developed instantly. It is interesting to note that had the Eiffel Tower (constructed in 1887) been constructed in today`s times, it would require only one-third of the steel used back then. Fundamentally, steel is an alloy of iron with low amounts of carbon. There are thousands of different types of steels which are created to suit different kinds of applications. These broadly fall into 4 types – carbon steel, tool steel, stainless steel and alloy steel. Carbon steels form the majority of steels produced in the world today. Tool steels are used to make machine parts, dies and tools, etc. Stainless steels are used to make common household items. Alloy steels are made of iron, carbon and other elements such as vanadium, silicon, nickel, manganese, copper and chromium. Alloy steel When other elements comprising metals and non-metals are added to carbon steel, alloy steel is formed and takes the parts of big steel market gradually. These alloy steels display various environmental, chemical and physical properties that can vary with the elements used to alloy. Here the proportion of alloying elements can provide different mechanical properties. Effects of alloying Alloying elements can alter carbon steel in several ways. Alloying can affect micro-structures, heat-treatment conditions and mechanical properties. Today`s technology with high-speed computers can foresee the properties and micro-structures of steel when it is cold-formed, heat treated, hot-rolled or alloyed. For instance, if properties such as high strength and weldability are required in steel for certain applications, then carbon steel alone will not serve the purpose because carbon`s inherent brittleness will make the weld brittle. The solution is to reduce carbon and add other elements such as manganese or nickel. This is one way of making high strength steel with required weldability.

There are approximately 36 million different kinds of steel. You can probably imagine where I pulled that number from. At first glance, all the different kinds of metals can seem pretty overwhelming. So what`s the difference between carbon steel and alloy steel? Carbon steel is iron with carbon added, whereas alloy steel also includes other elements to modify the properties of the metal. That`s not to say that carbon steel is pure carbon and iron. Everything will have impurities. But these extra elements don`t make up a major part of the ingredient list. At least, they aren`t present enough to really change the carbon steel much.

The carbon steel market size in 2022 has reached close to US$ 833 Bn. According to a recent study by Future Market Insights (FMI), the carbon steel market is forecast to rise at a CAGR of 5.1% between 2022 and 2030. The report is intended to offer an executive-level blueprint of the market to its stakeholders. It studies the growth trajectory and gauges investment feasibility across key segments. According to the report, the carbon steel market is operating in an environment where lot of waste is generated and a huge amount of energy is consumed. The steel industry is efficiently reducing the waste through waste recovery technologies and through recycling, which has been aiding environmental causes. The industry has adopted efficient fabrication and manufacturing process, which is reducing the energy consumption. Carbon Steel manufacturers are no longer overheating or overcooling the rolling mills allowing them to manufacture products more efficiently by consuming less energy. Steps taken towards cautious manufacturing had bode well for the market. However, despite their efforts, the ongoing COVID-19 crisis has caused deceleration in the industrial production and disruptions in supply chain for 3 quarters of 2022. Growth recovery in the upcoming years will be backed by the increasing demand from downstream industries such as automotive, construction, and heavy engineering & equipment will drive the carbon steel market. Key Takeaways of Global Carbon Steel Market Study Globally, the demand for energy efficient and low carbon neutral buildings is increasing. Carbon steel is an affordable and safer solution, which provides high strength, versatility, durability and full recyclability throughout the entire life cycle of buildings Carbon Steel manufacturers are improving its blast furnace technologies by taking full advantage of the converter slag of steelmaking by-products and improving the permeability of the blast furnace. All these factors have led to decrease in the steel manufacturing cost Construction industry is forecast to remain dominant end user through the forecast period. The global construction growth is expected to be 3.9% pa by 2030, as per a study by Oxford Economics, which will aid the overall expansion of the market 25% increase on steel tariffs derivative steel has increased the USA`s domestic steel production. Manufacturers are therefore on the process of implementing and enhancing production capability so as to meet the end-user`s increasing demand The global carbon steel market is expected to witness a plunge in FY2022, and is expected to recover sharply in the subsequent year as the industries across regional hubs have started resumption and augmentation of production and supply operations [Carbon steel is used by a wide gamut of industries, which has been aiding expansion of the market despite oversupply recorded in the steel industry. Despite nose-dive growth during ongoing pandemic, the market is forecast to recover especially as leading companies move towards consolidation keeping expansion in their mind," says FMI analyst. Carbon Steel Market By Category By Grade : Low-Carbon steel Medium-Carbon Steel High-Carbon Steel Ultra High-Carbon Steel By Form : Hot Rolled Steel Cold Rolled Steel By Application : Basic and Perforated Sheets Angle Channels Beams Normal Plates and Floor Plate By End Use : Automotive Construction Railways Shipbuilding & Marine Aerospace Who is Winning? The carbon steel market is fairly consolidated, with manufacturing capacities majorly concentrated among tier-I manufacturers. While local tier-2 and tier-3 manufacturers present a stiff competition, tier-1 players leverage their distribution network and brand image in dominating the market space. Some of the key players in the market are Nucor Corporation, ArcelorMittal, United States Steel Corporation, Baosteel Group, AK Steel Holding Corporation, EVRAZ, Hesteel Group, POSCO, Thyssenkrupp AG, JFE Holdings Corporation, etc amongst many others amongst many others. Market players have been focusing on strategic expansion and acquisition of manufacturing facilities. This strategy would help companies to expand into new markets to withstand in competitive environment. (ESOMAR certified market research organization and a member of Greater New York Chamber of Commerce) provides in-depth insights into governing factors elevating the demand in the market. It discloses opportunities that will favor the market growth in various segments on the basis of Source, Application, Sales Channel and End Use over the next 10-years.

Hot dip galvanizing is dipped in zinc solution melted by heating, with fast production speed and thick but uneven coating. The minimum thickness allowed by the market is 45 microns, and the maximum can reach more than 300 microns. The color is dark, the consumption of zinc metal is much, and the matrix metal forms the infiltration layer, the corrosion resistance is good, and the outdoor environment can be kept for decades. Cold galvanizing (galvanizing) is in the electroplating tank through the current unidirectional to gradually plating zinc on the metal surface, the production speed is slow, uniform coating, thin thickness, usually only 3-15 microns, bright appearance, poor corrosion resistance, generally a few months will rust. The relative Hot dip galvanizing, electric galvanizing production cost is lower. The difference between cold galvanizing and hot galvanizing: the difference between cold galvanizing and hot galvanizing is that the amount of zinc is different. They can be identified from the color. The color of cold galvanizing is bright silver white with yellow. Hot dip galvanizing shiny white.

ABSTRACT Total production of hot-rolled coil (HRC) among the 37 Chinese flat steelmakers under Mysteel's tracking reached a 11.5-month low of 2.89 million tonnes over November 17-23, having declined for the fifth consecutive week by another 73,800 tonnes or 2.5% on week. During the same survey period, the surveyed mills' hot-rolling capacity utilization rate also slipped by 1.89 percentage points on week to 73.79%, Mysteel's data showed. Some mills in East China halted production and conducted maintenance works last week, leading to the decline in HRC output among steelmakers, a Shanghai-based analyst said. China's domestic HRC prices remained largely stable last week, with the domestic price of Q235 4.75mm HRC under Mytseel's assessment slipping by Yuan 1/tonne ($0.1/t) on week to Yuan 3,902/t including the 13% VAT as of November 25. Despite the rise in spot HRC futures prices on the Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE), most traders kept their sales prices stable to facilitate sales, given dull demand from end-users amid the outbreak of COVID-19 cases across China, a Shanghai-based analyst said. In the futures market, the most-traded January rebar contract on the SHFE closed the daytime trading session at Yuan 3,736/t as of November 25, higher by Yuan 21/t from the settlement price of November 18. Only end-users in urgent need of HRC were willing to take some tonnage last week, reflecting a cautious stance prevailing in the market, another Shanghai-based analyst said. HRC inventories held by the surveyed 37 mills fell by 27,700 tonnes or 3.2% on week to 838,500 tonnes as of November 23, while HRC stocks at trading houses across 33 Chinese cities under Mysteel's tracking dropped by 115,900 tonnes or 5.5% on week to 2 million tonnes as of November 24. Domestic HRC prices are likely to climb in the near term, as most mills are tending to firm their offering prices to offset high production costs, the first analyst said Written by Villanelle Xia, xiayi@mysteel.com Edited by Zhenqi Yang, yangzhenqi@mysteel.com From:Mysteel Global

What Is Rolled Carbon Steel? Terry MastersLast Modified Date: October 16, 2022 Rolled carbon steel is a metal alloy that has been passed between two rollers to compress the metal into sheets, strips, bars or rods. This metalworking process can be applied to hot or cold metal. Hot rolling process the metal while it is at a temperature that is high enough for the metal to deform and recrystallize, while cold rolling processes the metal while it is at room temperature. Carbon steel is a metal alloy that is a mixture of iron mined from the earth and carbon. Although carbon steel is not the only metal alloy that is based on iron, it is the one that is most frequently used in manufacturing. To transform carbon steel stock into a form that can be used to construct other products, steel mills can use a type of metalworking called rolling. Rolling passes the metal through the middle of a pair of revolving cylinders. The pressure from the rollers squeezes the carbon steel stock into more manageable forms, such as flat sheets, strips, bars or rods. Processing the carbon steel stock in this way makes it easier to divide, transport, store and use for its intended purpose. Steel mills can process rolled carbon steel by hot-rolling or cold-rolling the steel. These labels give a clear indication of the distinction between the two types of rolling. Hot-rolling puts the carbon steel stock through the rollers while the metal is hot and malleable, while cold-rolling puts the carbon steel through the rollers while it is at room temperature or at any temperature that is below the metal's recrystallization point. The important distinction between the two processes is in the hardness of the steel that results. Recrystallization prevents the steel from strain hardening, so hot rolled carbon steel is not as hard or brittle as steel that is cold rolled. Processing the metal stock while it is hot results in a product that is more flexible, or ductile, and has more tensile strength. Hot rolled carbon steel is most often formed into metal sheets and used to build load-bearing structures that need steel that has some flexibility. Cold rolled carbon steel is used for a variety of consumer-related purposes. The steel is less ductile, and since it is not subjected to heat that can distort measurements until the product cools, cold steel can be precisely measured before it is processed through the rollers. This type of rolled carbon steel tends to be more expensive and is used to build products such as cars, planes and home appliances.

Carbon steel mainly refers to the steel whose mechanical properties depend on the carbon content in the steel, and generally does not add a large amount of alloying elements, and is sometimes called plain carbon steel or carbon steel. Carbon steel is also called carbon steel, which refers to an iron-carbon alloy with a carbon content of less than 2% WC. In addition to carbon, carbon steel generally contains a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus. According to the application, carbon steel can be divided into three categories: carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel and free-cutting structural steel. Carbon structural steel is further divided into building structural steel and machine-made structural steel; carbon structural steel: mainly used For bridges, ships, building components, machine parts, etc. Carbon Tool Steel: Mainly used for knives, molds, measuring tools, etc. Welcome to contact us get a quote!

Characteristics and uses of galvanized color steel plate 1 Corrosion resistant The physical properties of zinc are bright. In the gas at room temperature, the surface layer is converted into a thin and high-density basic zinc carbonate film, which can prevent the deepening of air oxidation, while aluminum can produce insoluble compound layers in the gas. It plays a role in natural barrier maintenance. 2 High temperature resistant galvanized color steel plate can be used in high temperature natural environment up to hg3.15 degrees. Galvanized color steel plate has a high-to-width ratio transmittance, and its thermal transmittance is basically twice that of galvanized steel. 3 Easy to paint The galvanized color steel plate has excellent adhesion between the paint and can be painted without normalization and weathering. 4 Main uses of galvanized color steel plate Engineering construction: roof, wall, parking space, sound insulation board, pipeline and combined house, etc. Small car: muffler, exhaust pipe, wiper note, fuel tank, large truck box, etc. Household appliances: refrigerator side panels, gas stoves, air conditioners, microwave heating of electronic devices, LCD frames, CRT explosion-proof belts, LED backlights, electrical cabinets, etc. Agricultural vehicles: pigsties, chicken sheds, grain depots, pipelines for greenhouses, etc. Others: Thermal insulation cover of broken bridge thermal insulation window, heat exchanger, air dryer, warm water heater, etc. The above is the content of the characteristics, characteristics and uses of the aluminum-zinc color steel plate introduced by the aluminum-zinc color steel plate manufacturer. you explain.

What is the classification of galvanized steel sheet? Galvanized sheet refers to a thick steel plate with a layer of zinc plated on the surface. Hot-dip galvanizing is an economical and reasonable anti-rust treatment method that is often selected. About half of the world's zinc production is used as such a process. So what is the classification of galvanized sheet, what the galvanized steel sheet manufacturer can tell you. According to the manufacturing and production processing methods, it can be divided into the following categories: ①Hot-dip galvanized steel sheet. A cold-rolled steel sheet in which a layer of zinc is adhered to the surface by infiltrating the cold-rolled steel sheet into the molten zinc bath. At this stage, the key is to use continuous hot-dip galvanizing process to manufacture, that is, continuous immersion of thick steel plate in a plate into a plating tank with molten zinc to make galvanized steel plate; ② Fine-grained reinforced galvanized steel sheet. This type of thick steel plate is produced by the hot dip method, but immediately after it is out of the groove, it is heated to about 500 ° C to convert it into an aluminum alloy plastic film of zinc and iron. This type of galvanized sheet has excellent adhesion of architectural coatings and electric welding; ③ Electro-galvanized steel sheet. The production of this type of galvanized steel sheet by electroplating has excellent process performance. However, the coating is thin, and the corrosion resistance is not as good as that of hot-dip galvanized sheet; ④Single-sided and double-sided galvanized steel. Single and double-sided galvanized steel sheets, that is, products that are hot-dip galvanized on only one side. In electric welding, spraying, rust prevention, production and processing, etc., it has stronger adaptability than double-sided galvanized sheet. In order to get rid of the defect of uncoated zinc on both sides, there is another kind of galvanized sheet coated with chromatographic zinc on the other side, that is, galvanized sheet with difference on both sides; ⑤ Aluminum alloy, composite galvanized steel sheet. This is a thick steel plate made of aluminum alloy or even composite plated with zinc and other metal materials such as aluminum, lead, zinc, etc. This kind of thick steel plate not only has extraordinary anti-rust treatment characteristics, but also has excellent spraying characteristics; in addition to the above five kinds, there are also colorful galvanized steel plates, clothing printing sprayed galvanized steel plates, polyethylene laminated galvanized steel plates, etc. But at this stage, the most common is still hot-dip galvanized sheet. Key manufacturers and import manufacturing countries: ①Key Chinese manufacturers: WISCO, Shougang, Angang Huangshi, MCC Hengtong, Shougang, Pangang, Handan, Magang, Fujian Kaijing, etc.; ②Key overseas manufacturers are state-owned Japan, France, Ukraine, the Netherlands, Japan, etc.